Ellen Brown: Who Owns The Federal Reserve?

"Some people think that the Federal Reserve Banks are United States Government institutions. They are private monopolies, which prey upon the people of these United States, for the benefit of themselves and their foreign customers, foreign and domestic speculators and swindlers, and rich and predatory money lenders." The Honorable Louis McFadden, Chairman of the House Banking and Currency Committee in the 1930s. The Federal Reserve, or Fed, has assumed sweeping new powers in the last year. In an unprecedented move in March 2008, the New York Fed advanced the funds for JP Morgan Chase Bank to buy investment bank Bear Stearn's for pennies on the dollar. The deal was particularly controversial because Jamie Dimon, CEO of JPMorgan, sits on the board of the New York Fed, and participated in the secret weekend negotiations. In September 2008, the Federal Reserve did something even more unprecedented, when it bought the world's largest insurance company. The Fed announced on September 16, that it was giving an $85 billion loan to American International Group (AIG) for a nearly 80% stake in the mega insurer. The Associated Press called it a "government takeover," but this was no ordinary nationalization. Unlike the US Treasury, which took over Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac the week before, the Fed is not a government owned agency. Also unprecedented was the way the deal was funded. The Associated Press reported: "The Treasury Department, for the first time in its history, said it would begin selling bonds for the Federal Reserve in an effort to help the central bank deal with its unprecedented borrowing needs." This is extraordinary. Why is the Treasury issuing US government bonds, or debt to fund the Fed, which is itself supposedly "the lender of last resort", created to fund the banks and the federal government? Yahoo Finance reported on September 17: "The Treasury is setting up a temporary financing program at the Feds request. The program will auction Treasury bills to raise cash for the Feds use. The initiative aims to help the Fed manage its balance sheet, following its efforts to enhance its liquidity facilities over the previous few quarters."